O₂log Blog

ESG & Sustainability Insights

Expert perspectives on carbon strategy, climate reporting, and building a sustainable business.

Analyst reviewing sustainability scorecard metrics on screen
Compliance

How to Read Your EcoVadis Scorecard

Your scorecard is not just a number. How theme weightings work, what improvement areas mean, and how to decide what to fix first.

August 9, 2026 9 min read
Team planning remediation actions around a table
Compliance

EcoVadis Corrective Action Plan: What to Do After a Low Score

A low score is recoverable. How to build a corrective action plan buyers accept, what evidence counts, and the realistic timeline to reassessment.

August 9, 2026 9 min read
Auditor reviewing factory operations on a manufacturing floor
Compliance

EcoVadis vs Sedex SMETA: Which Does Your Buyer Want?

EcoVadis rates your management systems. SMETA audits your site. How they differ, what each costs, and which one your buyer is actually asking for.

August 9, 2026 10 min read
Finance and procurement planning documents on a desk
Compliance

EcoVadis Cost, Timeline and Renewal for Indian Suppliers

The subscription is the smallest cost. What EcoVadis really takes in internal effort and remediation, plus realistic timelines and renewal.

August 9, 2026 9 min read
RJC certification for diamond industry
Diamond

RJC Certification for Diamond Industry - Complete Guide

Responsible Jewellery Council certification - COP pillars, certification process, costs, and why Indian diamond companies need RJC now.

August 3, 2026 8 min read
CBAM certificate price for Indian exporters
Trade

CBAM Certificate Price - What Indian Exporters Will Pay

EU carbon border tax pricing explained. Cost calculations for steel, aluminium, cement exporters and how India's CCTS offsets CBAM liability.

August 3, 2026 7 min read
CDP disclosure mistakes to avoid
CDP

8 Common CDP Disclosure Mistakes and How to Avoid Them

From starting too late to ignoring Scope 3 - the most common CDP scoring errors and how to go from D/C to B/A band.

August 3, 2026 7 min read
EPD environmental product declaration construction
Carbon

Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) - Guide for Indian Manufacturers

ISO 14025, EN 15804, EPD program operators, and why Indian exporters need product-level environmental data for CBAM and green building access.

July 22, 2026 9 min read
Climate risk assessment storm and flooding
Strategy

Climate Risk Assessment for Indian Companies

Physical vs transition risks, scenario analysis (1.5C/2C/3C), sector-specific climate risks, and a 6-step assessment process for Indian businesses.

July 22, 2026 10 min read
Single vs double materiality strategy analysis
Strategy

Single Materiality vs Double Materiality - What Indian Companies Need to Know

BRSR uses single materiality, CSRD requires double. Impact vs financial materiality, which frameworks use which, and how to prepare.

July 22, 2026 8 min read
BRSR reporting mistakes document review
BRSR

10 Common BRSR Reporting Mistakes and How to Avoid Them

From inconsistent data to last-minute filing - the 10 most common BRSR errors and practical fixes for each one.

July 22, 2026 8 min read
Sustainable procurement handshake partnership
Strategy

Sustainable Procurement Guide for Indian Companies

How to integrate ESG criteria into purchasing decisions. Supplier assessment, tools like EcoVadis and Sedex, and building a sustainable supply chain.

July 22, 2026 9 min read
CCTS carbon credit trading industrial emissions
Policy

India's CCTS Explained - Carbon Credit Trading Scheme 2026

India's first mandatory emissions trading system covering 9 sectors and 186 obligated entities. How CCTS works, the PAT transition, and what companies must do.

July 22, 2026 10 min read
EcoVadis sustainability assessment metrics
Compliance

EcoVadis Assessment Guide for Indian Companies

130,000+ companies rated, only 5% achieve Gold. How EcoVadis scoring works, the 4 themes, medal levels, and how to improve your score.

July 22, 2026 9 min read
GHG Protocol Scope 3 carbon emissions
Carbon

GHG Protocol Scope 3 Revision 2026 - What's Changing

The biggest update to carbon accounting since 2011. Primary data requirements, supplier engagement, and what Indian companies need to prepare for.

July 22, 2026 9 min read
CDP scoring climate disclosure dashboard
Reporting

CDP Scoring Guide - How to Improve Your CDP Score

Only 2% of companies reach CDP A-list. Scoring methodology, 2026 timeline, and specific tips to move from D to B to A.

July 22, 2026 9 min read
LCA product carbon footprint manufacturing
Carbon

LCA and Product Carbon Footprint for Indian Exporters

CBAM requires product-level embedded emissions. ISO 14040 LCA, EPDs, and how Indian steel, cement, and aluminium exporters should prepare.

July 22, 2026 9 min read
Supply chain ESG due diligence warehouse
Compliance

Supply Chain ESG Due Diligence - Guide for Indian Suppliers

EU CSDDD and CSRD are turning ESG into a procurement filter. What data buyers will ask for and how Indian suppliers can prepare.

July 22, 2026 10 min read
ESG rating agencies analytics dashboard
ESG

ESG Rating Agencies in India - How ESG Scores Work

MSCI, Sustainalytics, CRISIL, CDP - how ESG ratings work, what they measure, and how Indian companies can improve their scores.

July 22, 2026 9 min read
TCFD climate disclosure storm clouds
Reporting

TCFD and ISSB Reporting - Climate Disclosure Guide for Indian Companies

TCFD's 4 pillars, the shift to ISSB/IFRS S1 and S2, scenario analysis, and how Indian companies should prepare for climate disclosure.

July 22, 2026 10 min read
Green bonds sustainable finance
Finance

Green Bonds and Sustainable Finance in India - Complete Guide

India's $55.9B sustainable debt market, SEBI's ESG debt framework, sovereign green bonds, and how companies can access green finance.

July 22, 2026 9 min read
SBTi science-based targets wind farm
Strategy

SBTi Targets for Indian Companies - How to Set Science-Based Targets

7,000+ companies committed to SBTi globally. Here's the validation process, requirements by scope, and how Indian companies can get started.

July 22, 2026 10 min read
ESG materiality assessment data visualization
Strategy

Materiality Assessment for ESG: How to Identify What Matters

Single vs double materiality, stakeholder engagement, 6-step process, and how materiality works across GRI, BRSR, and CSRD.

July 20, 2026 9 min read
EU CBAM carbon border adjustment for Indian exporters
Compliance

CBAM Explained: How EU Carbon Tariffs Affect Indian Exporters

EU CBAM puts a carbon price on steel, cement, aluminium exports. Timeline, calculation, and how Indian exporters should prepare.

July 20, 2026 9 min read
GRI sustainability reporting standards guide
Reporting

GRI Reporting in India: Complete Guide to Sustainability Reporting

GRI 2021 Universal Standards, materiality assessment, Topic Standards, Content Index, and how GRI relates to BRSR.

July 19, 2026 10 min read
EPR compliance waste recycling facility in India
Compliance

EPR Compliance in India: Complete Guide for Producers and Importers

Plastic waste, e-waste, battery waste EPR - registration, targets, penalties, and the CPCB compliance process explained.

July 18, 2026 10 min read
Wind turbines representing carbon credit generation in India
Carbon

Carbon Credit Market in India: A Beginner's Guide

Voluntary vs compliance credits, Indian Carbon Market (ICM), CBAM, pricing, and what it means for your business.

July 17, 2026 9 min read
BRSR Core ESG assurance and compliance verification
Compliance

BRSR Core Assurance: What You Need to Know

BRSR Core requires third-party assurance on 9 ESG KPIs. Here's who needs it, the 9 indicators, and how to prepare.

July 15, 2026 8 min read
India CCUS carbon capture clean technology facility
Policy

India's CCUS Mission and Clean Tech Push - What It Means for Your Business

PM Modi's Carbon Capture Mission signals a shift - businesses investing in clean technology will access new markets. Here's what to do about it.

July 14, 2026 8 min read
ESG consultant advising Indian business professionals
Guide

How to Choose an ESG Consultant in India

10 criteria for selecting the right ESG consultant - from BRSR expertise and industry experience to pricing transparency and framework knowledge.

July 13, 2026 9 min read
ESG vs CSR corporate governance and responsibility
ESG

ESG vs CSR: What's the Difference and Why It Matters

CSR is about giving back. ESG is about how you run your business. Understanding the distinction is critical for modern governance.

July 11, 2026 7 min read
EU CSRD compliance for Indian exporters container port
Compliance

EU CSRD 2026: What Indian Exporters Need to Know

The EU's Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive impacts Indian companies in the supply chain. Here's how to prepare and stay compliant.

July 11, 2026 8 min read
Net zero vs carbon neutral green forest canopy
Strategy

Net Zero vs Carbon Neutral: What's the Difference?

These terms are often used interchangeably, but they mean very different things for your business strategy. Here's what you need to know.

July 10, 2026 7 min read
Scope 1 2 3 greenhouse gas emissions from industry
Carbon

Scope 1, 2, and 3 Emissions Explained Simply

A clear, jargon-free breakdown of greenhouse gas emission scopes - what they are, how to measure them, and why Scope 3 matters most.

July 9, 2026 6 min read
BRSR reporting sustainability forest canopy India
BRSR

What is BRSR Reporting? A Complete Guide for Indian Companies

Everything you need to know about SEBI's Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reporting framework - who needs to file, what's required, and how to get started.

July 8, 2026 8 min read
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